Overview

• ============================    WARNING !!    ====================================
  
• **** WARNING **** YOU MUST USE THE SPECIAL 3-PAGE REPORT TEMPLATE BELOW!
• Because of special reporting requirement, 3-page length, and extensive theory, this project is more heavily weighted
• A well-written report/paper is EXPECTED
  
• STRONGLY RECOMMEND that you read IEEE authorship series: How to Write for Technical Periodicals & Conferences
  
• ==============================================================================

1. Implement a Digital Capacitor on an MBED/ARM the FRDM-K64F FRDM-K64F using mbed.org online IDE 
   
• If you are unfamiliar with MBED/ARM, see the other introductory projects on my embedded course website
2. Implement a digital negative capacitor of approx. -40 nF on an MBED/ARM K64F platform
• Users of new boards (not K64F) will only be required to implement a positive C
• This will encourage/reward exploration of new ARM embedded systems
  
3. Write a 3-page IEEE-format report using the template below, where paper must include:
1. Use report template
   
2. Provide all required data
   
4. Demonstrate your working board
5. Peer review final presentation videos
   

NOTE: Use the Project Report Template and see below for minimum required data content your reports and demos.

IN NO CASE may code or files or data or pictures be exchanged between student groups, there is to be NO COPYING of group reports!
Also, each student must be able to independently answer any questions themselves during demos.
All students are expected to learn all aspects of every project.
Nevertheless, students are encouraged to collaborate (not copy) during the lab sessions.

• Some technical notes:
  
• The FRDMK64F board uses the 100-pin MK64FN1M0VLL12 MCU, with
  
• maximum operation frequency of 120 MHz, 1 MB of flash, 256 KB RAM,
  
• full-speed USB controller, Ethernet controller
• 12-bit DAC (see pin DAC0_out on the Arduino header)
  
• 16-bit ADC (see pins A0 to A5 on the Arduino header)
• 68 GPIO (see pins AD0 to AD15 on the Arduino header)
• Use MBED library Ticker.h mbed library to create interrupt-driven  timing
• The 100-pin package on the FRDMK64F has one DAC module, the 121-pin and 144-pin packages have two DAC modules.
• For more ADC information, see:
  
• Chapter 19 of Freescale KQRUG Kinetis Peripheral Module Quick Reference
• Freescale AN3827 Differences Between Controller Continuum ADC Modules
• Freescale AN4410 FlexTimer and ADC Synchronization for Field Oriented Control on Kinetis
• The Freescale  K64 Sub-Family Reference Manual, Rev. 2, January 2014
• Visit mbed-src  to see the details of AnalogIn.h and Ticker.h which reside in the mbed library
• Theory on digital capacitors and digital inductors
• Theory on stability of digital capacitors and digital inductors

• See also my Introduction to Unix C++ and make
  

Digital Capacitors

• See below for minimum required data content for your reports and your demos
  
• In this part, the 16-bit ADC and 12-Bit DAC are used to implement a digital capacitor on the FRDMK64F using mbed IDE 
• ADC and filter timing is set using the mbed Ticker.h library

• Theory on digital capacitors and digital inductors
• Theory on stability of digital capacitors and digital inductors

• Create the digital capacitor and follow the instructions as follows
• NOTE: some slower boards might not work properly at 80 KHz
  
• see instructor if you think you need to adjust timer for 50 KHz
• if you do adjust, you must also make changes (as needed) in the theory
  
• Download the instructions for the  digital capacitor experiment (see instructor for password)
• You may use (after fixing the errors in this file) the excel template p06templateFreqPlot.xlsx  You must fix the data and theory in this template file
• Follow the instructions, and add results to your report as indicated below
• Notes on measurement of impedance as a function of frequency
  
• Do not underestimate the time required to measure the frequency domain response of impedance,
• … and do not underestimate the need for each group to review methods for measuring impedance using an oscilloscope at frequencies between 1 KHz and the Nyquist limit (half sample rate).   NOTE: network analyzers cannot measure your circuits, since these instruments do not measure below 30 KHz.
• Your plots should have at least 20 points showing real and imaginary parts of Z(s), for example from 1 KHz to 40 KHz.
  
•  It would be best for one member in each group to begin measurements of a simple known circuit such as 200 ohms in series with 10 nF in the lab, … so you are prepared to measure your embedded project later.  Measurement of this known circuit will ensure confidence in you chosen measurement technique (do not skip this).  
• Some example measurement methods:
• http://www.dejazzer.com/ece311/labs/lab3.pdf
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lissajous_curve
• http://joel-therrien.wiki.uml.edu/file/view/Circuits+II+Lab+1.pdf
  

SCHEDULE

• Schedule
  
• Due: 12/5/2017: FINAL REPORTS in pdf format  ARE DUE LAST DAY OF CLASS using the 3-page project template below worth 50 points 
  
• Due: 12/5/2017:  FINAL DEMOS  ARE DUE LAST DAY OF CLASS:  worth 50 points
• Due: on/before12/12/2017 at 2:00 PM: FINAL PRESENTATION videos uploaded on canvas
  
• Powerpoint of final presentation IN PDF format emailed to instructor (backup plan, in case of video problems)
  
• 5 minute maximum, 10 slide maximum, video of presentation uploaded on canvas for peer review
• Peer reviews to be completed within first 90 minutes of scheduled final exam time
  

Report Data

• ============================    WARNING !!    ====================================
  
• **** WARNING **** YOU MUST USE THE SPECIAL 3-PAGE REPORT TEMPLATE Here:
• Special 3-page report template ( e61142017FinalProjTemplate_b.docx )  for this project
  
• FYI, here is a pdf version of 3-page template (see instructor for password)
• You MUST make full use of all 3 pages, empty space will be severely frowned upon
• A well-written report/paper is EXPECTED
  
• STRONGLY RECOMMEND that you read IEEE authorship series: How to Write for Technical Periodicals & Conferences
• Clearly describe everything, including:
• variables in block diagrams
• variables in formulas
• units of variables KHz, pF, nH, m, s,
  
• all traces on oscilloscope plots
• all curves on plots
• all results in any tables
  

• Minimum required data content for your report and demos
• Required theory content:
• For a negative capacitor, , T=12.5 μs, Rs = 50 Ω, and C=-40 nF  and 80,000 samples/s, provide:
• (Note: if your group uses an alternative board with slower ADC and DAC, scale these values accordingly)
  
• provide the difference equation for Vadc[n] in terms of vin[n] and vin[n-1]
• provide all other equations as required in the template
  
• Required software code excerpt content:
• The single most important line of code in main.cpp  to do  the positive capacitor difference equation
  
• Something similar to "y=0.2f*x+0.8f*xold;"
  
• The single most important line of code in main.cpp  to do  the negative capacitor difference equation
  
• Something similar to "y=0.2f*x+0.8f*xold;"
• Required tabular data content:
• The values for:
• Measured  peak current I1 in mA
• Measured  dv/dt in V/s
  
• Measured  peak current I2 in mA
• Theoretical parasitic resistance Rneg (it may be negative) of the -40 nF capacitor? 
• Theoretical stability factor T/(Rs C)   (it may be negative) of the -40 nF capacitor?
  
• Measured value of negative capacitance Cneg in nF as computed from square wave and i=Cdv/dt
• Required pictures/photos content:
• Figure numbering "Axx" below refer to the lab writeup figure numbers, not the special 3-page report-template numbering
  
• Block diagram
  
• Legible picture (if pdf of your report is "zoomed/magnified")  oscilloscope photo showing 2 KHz sinewave ADC input, DAC output voltages, and current for  " Sine wave 40 nF digital capacitor" similar to Fig. A6 
• Legible picture (if pdf of your report is "zoomed/magnified")  showing   "|Zin| frequency response of positive 40 nF digital capacitor" similar to Fig. A7
• Legible picture (if pdf of your report is "zoomed/magnified")  showing   "Real and imaginary parts of Zin frequency response of positive 40 nF digital capacitor" similar to Fig. A7  
• Legible picture (if pdf of your report is "zoomed/magnified")  oscilloscope photo showing 40 nF digital capacitor 2 KHz triangle wave ADC input, DAC output voltages, and current for  "Triangle wave 40 nF digital capacitor" similar to Fig. A9
• Legible picture (if pdf of your report is "zoomed/magnified")  oscilloscope photo showing -40 nF negative digital capacitor 2 KHz triangle wave ADC input, DAC output voltages, and current for  "Triangle wave -40 nF negative digital capacitor" similar to Fig. A9

• Project Demos
  
• Be prepared to demonstrate and discuss items such as:
• Demonstrate sine wave response 40 nF as Fig. A6
  
• Demonstrate triangle wave response 40 nF as Fig. A9
• Demonstrate triangle wave response for -40 nF as Fig. A9
• Change the sampling period and sampling rate
  
• Change C for a digital capacitor
  
• Demonstrate a full clean/build on MBED.org or an IDE
  
• Be prepared to answer questions such as:
  
• What is frequency response of the capacitors?
• What is z-transform of the difference equations?
• What line reads the ADC?
  
• What line writes to the DAC?
  
• How can the value of the digital capacitor be changed in the code?
  
• What happens if the sample rate changes for the capacitor code?
• Which line of code sets up the interrupt/timer?
  
• How does myDsp() subroutine code get executed, if it is not called inside of main{}?
• What is an interrupt?
• Explain stability criteria.
• Where are stable poles in the z-plane?
• What is the starred transform?
  

Report:

• See above project description for required report data content.
• NOTE Report Template Use the special 3-page template given above
  
• One pdf-format must be emailed to the instructor at the beginning of the class meeting of the demo.
  
• One hardcopy per student, plus one extra hardcopy for the instructor, should be brought to class for the demo.
• Do not add extraneous pages or put explanations on separate pages unless specifically directed to do so. The instructor will not read extraneous pages!
• YOU MUST ADD CAPTIONS AND FIGURE NUMBERS TO ALL FIGURES!!

Copyright  2015 T. Weldon

Freescale, Kinetis are registered trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.   Texas Instruments, TI, C2000, and Code Composer Studio are a registered trademarks of Texas Instruments Incorporated.   Adafruit is a registered TradeMark of Limor Fried.  ARM, Cortex and Keil are registered trademarks of ARM Limited (or its subsidiaries).  Apple, Yosemite, Mac OS, iPhone, iPad, MacBook, Mac, iTunes, and Xcode are trademarks of Apple inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.  Arduino is a registered trademark of Arduino.